water filter's

2010-04-27T23:35:00.001-07:00

Ioska-Ritz este o afacere de familie care s-a nascut din dorinta de a ne infrumuseta viata, de a imparti cu alte persoane momente unice, de mare fericire. Iubim ceea ce facem si acest lucru este sustinut de multa responsabilitate, originalitate si creativitate. Ioska-Ritz inseamna servicii de petreceri private pline de culoare, lumina si bucurie.

Stim cum sa dam culoare si stralucire petrecerii private pe care doriti sa o organizati prin intermediul unor tematici ingenioase, a decoratiunilor iesite din comun si a unei ambiante exceptionale. Organizam de la petreceri private, la evenimente corporate; de la aniversari, la lansari de produse.

Agentia noastra poate fi creatorul, organizatorul si producatorul celui mai important eveniment din viata dumneavoastra! Astfel, noi iti putem construi amintiri.

- nunti si botezuri

- receptii si dineuri

- seminarii, conferinte si intruniri de afaceri

- petreceri si aniversari

- lansari de produse, deschideri de magazine

Facem livrari in Bucuresti si imprejurimi.

Suntem membri QBN, membri ai celei mai mari firme producatoare si decoratoare de baloane din lume, Qualatex, SUA. Suntem in curs sa obtinem certificatul de CBA Certified Balloon Artist, care va fi o recunoastere internationala a calitatii decoratiunilor in baloane lucrate de noi.

Pizza

2010-03-22T15:12:00.001-07:00

Great Ways to Enjoy pizza

I’m lucky enough to live in New York, where you don’t have to walk for very long in a shopping area before you find a pizza restaurant. New York is a fabulous city, and many people say its pizzas are second to none.

Well, I’m not averse to this very popular dish myself and living here I’ve certainly had plenty of time and opportunities to taste different kinds of pizza. I’d like to let you know about some very interesting varieties I’ve come across.

If you appreciate creative cookery, I’m sure you’d like to try these suggestions. Made at home or ordered from a restaurant, I’m sure you’ll agree they’re a real treat.

I’d recommend the mac and cheese slice. It sounds a little strange but it really is delicious. It’s even better if it’s topped off with golden breadcrumbs. Any lover of pasta will truly enjoy the combination of mac and cheese atop a good slice of pizza.

Another top seller in New York’s pizzerias is the spinach artichoke version. Just like a regular spinach pizza, it also has artichokes and creamy cheeses in the topping. I’ve heard people call it the best pizza ever.

If, like me, you’re fond of buffalo chicken, you’ll just love it on a hot pizza crust. When you bite into a buffalo chicken slice you’ll think you’re in heaven.

You can increase the flavor of your meal by adding blue cheese to the pizza or having a blue cheese dip on the side. Just the crust and dip are almost a meal in themselves, and I’m sure the calorie count can’t be too encouraging. I try not to pay attention to that since I only treat myself on occasion.

I hope you are inspired to try at least one of these unconventional pizza recipes. I love all three and hope you’ll be just as impressed as I am.

If you like Cynthia’s writing style, visit her sugar glider cages resource at http://sugarglidercages.net for more great stories.

2010-03-16T05:01:00.001-07:00

radio a fost la origine o metodă de transmitere a sunetelor prin unde radio, care prin natura lor sunt unde electromagnetice. Tot "radio" se mai numeşte şi aparatul receptor corespunzător. Azi se transmit prin radio (unde radio) o largă gamă de semnale diferite, inclusiv imagini mişcătoare (televiziune) şi fluxuri enorme de date. Undele radio călătoresc prin aer şi pot trece prin cele mai multe corpuri nemetalice inclusiv corpul omenesc.

De foarte multă vreme omul a fost nevoit să transmită informaţii la distanţe mari. În antichitate semnalele cu ajutorul focurilor constituiau singura cale de comunicare la mari distanţe; aşa s-a aflat de exemplu de căderea Troiei sau a Ierusalimului.

Existenţa undelor radio a fost făcută cunoscută publicului larg în special de către Guilermo Marconi, un inventator italian. Fizicianul sârb din America Nikola Tesla a contribuit în mod esenţial, pe lângă alţi câţiva inventatori, la crearea primului aparat de radio (precum şi la alte multe invenţii din domeniul electrotehnicii). El a construit un sistem care putea transmite şi primi semnale radio de la o distanţă de aproape 3 km. În 1895 a trimis un semnal radio pentru prima dată; în 1907 el a recepţionat prima dată un semnal radio din Canada, şi anume semnul "x" din Codul Morse.

Odată cu aceasta a început să se dezvolte telegrafia fără fir şi folosirea codului Morse, care au fost foarte importante mai ales pentru comunicarea între nave în cazul unor dezastre pe mare. Primul care a transmis un mesaj vocal prin undele radio a fost Reginald Fessenden în 1900. Nikola Tesla a inceput in 1900 construcţia primei staţii de emisie de radio, dar din lipsă de fonduri a abandonat ideea. Totuşi el este considerat inventatorul ideii de staţii radio cu emisiuni.
Istoria radioului

Două revoluţii care au influenţat enorm civilizaţia omenească au fost :

* Revoluţia tehnologică

Revoluţia tehnologică a constituit un salt în modul de a imagina şi implementa o invenţie, precum de exemplu au fost maşinile (automobilele) pentru deplasare rapidă.

* Revoluţia electronică

Revoluţia electronică, deşi mai puţin cunoscută şi recunoscută, a fost foarte importantă. Consecinţa cea mai importantă a revoluţiei electronice, a constituit-o apariţia radioului. În primii ani de dezvoltare, comunicaţiile radio au fost numite telegrafie sau telefonie fara fir, expresii care nu au rezistat în timp, si care au fost înlocuite cu termenul generic radio.

Cea mai largă folosire a radioului o constituie radiodifuziunea, cu al său caz particular, şi de mare amploare televiziunea. Totuşi, domeniile principale ale radiocomunicaţiilor , inclusiv cele spaţiale, îl reprezintă în continuare radiotelegrafia şi radiotelefonia. Un subdomeniu de largă prezenţă în radiodifuziune este constituit de tehnica redării ci înaltă fidelitate a sunetului.

Începuturile radioului s-au cristalizat in urma fenomenelor fizice, în special electrice, cercetate de pionierii acestei ramuri fascinante, cum ar fi Ampère, Gilbert, Volta, Faraday, Maxwell, Kelvin, sau Cavendish. Este unanim admis că primul care a fost în masură să realizeze o emisie şi o recepţie de unde radio a fost fizicianul german Heinrich Hertz în 1887, care s-a bazat pe propriile studii de fizică teoretică, la care s-au adăugat cele ale predecesorilor săi în special Maxwell. Un alt pionier care a contribuit la dezvoltarea radioului, a fost fizicianul rus Aleksandr Stepanovici Popov, cu al său înregistrator de furtună , 1895, care a realizat primele recepţii sistematice, fiind si cel căruia i se atribuie inventarea antenei. Guglielmo Marconi, sistematizând datele de până la el, a oferit lumii, în 1896 primul sistem practic de emisie si receptie bazat pe undele electromagnetice, bazat pe aparatul lui Tesla. Ulterior, în 1943, a fost recunoscută prioritatea savantului Nicolae Tesla asupra acestei invenţii (1893)(Tesla: „Marconi e un băiat bun. Lasă-l să continue. Foloseşte 17 din patentele mele”). Şi totusi… SUA atribuie în 1865-1866 dr. Mahlon Loomis, un dentist din Philadelphia, realizarea primei transmisiuni fără fir, în statul Virginia de Vest prin eliberarea unui document oficial nr. 129971/30 iulie , şi pune problema exploatării comerciale a fenomenului. Acestea au fost chiar înaintea experienţelor lui Hertz, şi chiar a celebrului articol al lui Maxwell din revista Philosophical Transactions în anul 1865, care se intitula “A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field”.

În 1843 ia fiinţă primul serviciu telegrafic prin fir, între Washington şi Baltimore, dupa ideea pictorului american Samuel Morse, iar din acel moment nu a mai ramas de făcut decât suprimarea cablului electric, ceea ce s-a şi întâmplat câţiva ani mai târziu. În anul 1870 J.C. Maxwell demonstrează matematic existenţa undelor electromagnetice şi posibilitatea acestora de a se propaga cu viteza luminii (300.000 km/s), întarind astfel ipoteza (nouă la vremea ei), că şi lumina este tot o oscilaţie electromagnetică. În sfârşit, Giuliemo Marconi reuşeşte pentru prima dată să transmită o telegramă de 26 de cuvinte între Glacebay Canada şi Poldhor Anglia (3122 km), punând astfel bazele unei realitaţi, radiocomunicaţiile.

În realizarea unei transmisii radio intervin două tipuri de echipamente. Primul este echipamentul de emisie, care are rolul de a emite in eter informaţia utilă. Acesta, preia informatia de voce sau alta sursă, printr-un microfon, o aplica unui amplificator pentru ai amplifica semnalul, iar apoi semnalul este direcţionat catre un modulator. Aici are loc un amestec al semnalului util, cu un semnal de radiofrecvenţă, provenit de la un oscilator local. Din acest etaj, semnalul este injectat în etajul de radiofrecvenţă şi apoi direct în antenă.
După ce semnalul a fost astfel transformat in radiaţie electromagnetică, intrevine al doilea tip de echipament, cel mai cunoscut, şi anume echipamentul de recepţie sau mai pe scurt radioul. Aici, semnalul captat de antena receptorului, este demodulat, şi apoi transmis unui amplificator de joasă frecvenţă. Difuzorul este ultimul element care mai intervine între radioreceptor si urechea umană.

După tipul de modulaţie al undei electromagnetice, întâlnim doua tipuri de modulaţie. Acestă frecvenţă modulatoare este asigurată de oscilatorul local al echipamentului din care face parte. Întâlnim Modulaţia în amplitudine , prescurtat AM, şi Modulaţia în frecvenţă , FM.radioamatorismul reprezintă practicarea radiocomunicaţiilor prin posturi de emisie-recepţie proprii, fără a se urmări interese economice sau transmiterea altor informaţii în afară de cele referitoare la calitatea emisiunilor stabilite. Instalaţiile de radioemisie folosite de radioamatori (numite staţii) au o denumire convenţională care se atribuie pe plan central în fiecare ţară. radioamatorii pot face parte din diferite asociaţii naţionale sau internaţionale.

radioamatorismul, ca mişcare de amatori de radiotelegrafie, a apărut pentru prima dată în S.U.A. (1919). În 1925 a fost înfiinţată „Uniunea Internaţională a radioamatorilor”. În România, primul radioclub a fost iniţiat în 1926, iar în 1936 ia fiinţă „Asociaţia Amatorilor Români de Unde Scurte”. În prezent, radioamatorii din România sunt reprezentaţi la IARU de „Federaţia Română de radioamatorism”.

radioamatorii se pot organiza liber, conform legii civile.

Radio Manele

2010-03-09T11:34:00.001-08:00

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2010-03-02T09:33:00.001-08:00

Movies Online For Free, Watch Latest Movies Online For Free, filme online gratis Gratis, Latest Hollywood Movies. Download filme - filme online gratis | filme online gratis subtitrate |Filme ... Cinema vine acasa la tine cu un pachet de filme online gratis cu subtitrare inclusa in film , claritatea filmelor este hd , filme gratis ,download filme , muzica. filme online gratis gratis cu subtitrare - TopFilmeOnline.com TopFilmeOnline.com este un forum dedicat romanilor pe care puteti viziona filme online gratis gratis, filme online gratis cu subtitrare, filme gratis online, filme gratis ... filme online gratis gratis, subtitrate in limba romana Filmehd.net vezi filme online gratis gratis subtitrate in romana pe internet de dragoste, comedii, actiune, drama, groaza, bune, 2010.

filme online

2010-02-21T14:32:00.001-08:00

Ilustraţie din presa vremii. Pe ecran: Stropitorul stropit (prima comedie - 1896)

Această dată de 28 decembrie 1895, marchează nu numai prima proiecţie cinematografică, ea marchează şi naşterea unei noi arte, arta cinematografică, cea de-a şaptea artă cum mai este cunoscută, şi o nouă industrie, industria cinematografică.

filme online ul a fost multă vreme socotit ca un amuzament de bâlci, tratat cu dispreţ de oamenii serioşi. Mulţi din cei care au contribuit la temelia acestei noi arte de exprimare, şi-au început activitate exploatând câte un nickel odeon (în traducere liberă templu al artei de doi bani), cinematograful de mai târziu.

Primul promotor al noii arte şi industrii, se poate spune că a fost Louis Lumière. El realizează primele filme online e alegându-şi diferite subiecte hazlii din însăşi fabrica lor de aparate de fotografiat. Astfel au fost realizate pelicule ca Tâmplarul, Fierarul, Dărâmarea unui zid. Alte subiecte tot hazlii sunt alese din viaţa de familie: Dejunul lui Bébé, Borcanul cu peştişori roşii, Ceartă între copii, Baia de mare, Partida de carţi, Partide de table, Pescuitul crevetelor. Fratele său Auguste Lumière, filme online ează câteva pelicule inspirate din activitatea fermierilor la proprietatea tatălui lor, una dintre ele numindu-se Femei care ard ierburi.

Louis Loumiere a fost primul operator de actualităţi. In iunie 1895, când proiecţia cinematografică se făcea numai sub titlu de experienţă, el filme online ează cu ocazia Congresului de fotografie, sosirea participanţilor coborând din vapor la Neuville sur Saone. Succesul obţinut de fraţii Lumière cu prima proiecţie cinematografică, îi determină pe aceştia să angajeze operatori care să înregistreze pe peliculă aspecte din viaţa cotidiană. Aceştia sunt cei care au făcut posibilă apariţia jurnalului de actualităţi, documentarului, reportajului, precum şi primele montaje de filme online . Primul montaj de filme online îl realizează Louis Lumière prin unirea a patru filme online e cu durata de un minut despre activitatea pompierilor (ieşirea cu pompa, punerea în baterie, atacul focului şi salvarea).

Fraţii Lumière, pun la punct pentru prima dată un sistem de filme online color, unde colorarea fotogramelor alb negru se făcea manual, cadru cu cadru. Aceste filme online e erau mai degrabă filme online e colorate decât filme online e color.

Primul regizor de filme online a fost Georges Méliès. Era un om bogat, conducea teatrul Robert Houdin, un teatru care prezenta printre altele şi numere de prestidigitaţie. Văzând proiecţiile cinematografice Lumière, îşi dă seama ce înseamnă noua descoperire pentru industria divertismentului. Cumpără şi el un aparat din Anglia, cumpără peliculă şi începe să filme online eze. Primele filme online e nu se deosebesc ca idee de cele Lumière.

Dar întâmplarea, este descoperitorul trucajului cinematografic. filme online ând un omnibuz trecând pe stradă, aparatul se blochează. Repornind-l pentru a continua filme online area, acum prin acel loc trece un dric. Developând apoi filme online ul şi proiectându-l efectul este spectaculos, un omnibus se transformă brusc într-un dric. Acesta este primul trucaj cinematografic. Trebuie remarcat faptul că mişcarea aparatului în spaţiu la acea data nu era folosită, imaginea obţinută fiind un fel de plan general, mai bine zis o scenă a unui teatru unde personajele intră spun ceva şi ies.

Primul filme online pe care-l realizează Méliès folosind trucajul, a fost Dispariţia unei doamne în octombrie 1896. Aceste dispariţii, combinate ulterior cu apariţii , devin un laitmotiv în filme online ele Méliès. El dezvoltă sistemul lanterna magică, aplicându-l în producţia Voiajul în lună (1902), prin crearea de iluzii optice deosebite.

Georges Méliès, este şi primul creator de filme online politic prin creaţia sa, Afacerea Dreyfus (1899). filme online ările se făceau afară la lumina soarelui, cu decoruri pictate pe pânză. Fiind tributar teatrului realizările lui se fac fără mişcarea aparatului şi nefolosind montajul pentru schimbarea planurilor.

Între anii 1896-1912 Méliès realizează circa 500 de filme online e. Se remarcă în afară de Afacerea Dryfus, Voiajul în lună de care am vorbit mai sus şi Le sacre d'Edouard (1902) şi Cendrillon (Cenuşăreasa)-1899.

„filme online ul Méliès”, este un filme online ordonat pe tablouri, nu secvenţe, ci aşa cum se prezintă acţiunea unei piese de teatru. Méliès în filme online ele sale pentru o mai mare atracţie foloseşte procedeul de filme online colorat al fraţilor Lumière, atunci când această nouă industrie intră în impas numărul spectatorilor scăzând. Acest lucru îl determină pe Méliès să crească producţia de filme online e artistice mai lungi ca metraj (200-300 m), pe unele chiar colorându-le, îndepărtând-se de miniaturile hazlii de bâlci.

Méliès nu a mai putut face faţă marilor companii de producţie apărute după 1910, fapt ce a dus la dispariţia lui de pe piaţa noii industrii, industria filme online ului. Însă în anul 1931 guvernul francez îşi aduce aminte de contribuţia lui în cotextul cultural al republicii şi-i acordă „Legiunea de Onoare”. Henry Langois, cel care creează arhiva de filme online e şi Cinemateca Franceză îi salvează marea majoritate a filme online elor.

Nu putem vorbi despre începuturile cinematografului fără a aminti şi de un alt francez contemporan cu Fraţii Lumiére şi Méliès, un pasionat al noii arte şi industrii, Leon Goumont, producător de aparate de filme online at şi proiecţie, cercetător în domeniul adaptării sunetului şi culorii filme online ului şi nu în ultimul rând producător de filme online e. În compania sa de producţie s-a realizat primul desen animat de către Emil Cohl şi a activat unul din cei mai buni regizori francezi ai epocii Louis Feuillade. Goumont a realizat în timp o colaborare cu Metro Goldwyn dând naştere la compania Goumont Metro Goldwyn. Se cunosc două filme online e realizate împreună : „Ben Hur” (versiunea filme online mut) şi „Napoleon”.

Mărirea duratei de proiecţie şi apariţia subiectelor bine determinate cu un mesaj clar face ca numărul spectatorilor interesaţi de noua artă să crească, apărând o reţea de săli, numite cinematografe.

În ceace priveşte aceste locaţii, amintim că Leon Goumont a cumpărat Hipodromul din Paris construind o sală de 3400 de locuri.

Dar filme online ul nu a rămas în vechiul continent. Devenind o afacere bănoasă, încet, încet, începe să treacă oceanul. Face o escală în Marea Britanie, unde George Albert Smith, regizor de filme online , îl „îmbogăţeşte” cu prim planul şi John Willianson cu decupajul regizoral. Ajunge pe noul continent unde găseşte cele mai propice condiţii pentru dezvoltare.

Un proiecţionist, Edwin S.Poter, preia compania de producţie a filme online elor proprietate a lui Edison în anul 1901. Trece la realizarea de filme online e de ficţiune. Nou este că acestea sunt cadre legate narativ. Reprezentativ este producţia „The Great Train Robbery” (1903) care transformă filme online ul într-un spectacol comercial. Acesta se remarcă prin schimbari rapide de locaţii, acţiuni cu tren în mişcare. Pleacă de la compania lui Edison la compania „Famous Players” (apoi „Paramount”), unde metoda sa regizorală este depăşită şi se va întoarce la vechea sa meserie, proiecţionist (1916).
David Wark Griffith
Afiş color pentru „Naşterea unei Naţiuni”

În 1908 apare pe firmamentul industriei cinematografice unul din cei mai de seamă regizori ai cinematografului american, numit şi părintele filme online ului american, David Wark Griffith. Griffith, actor de profesie, începe să joace în filme online la compania de producţie „American Mutascope and Biograph” (1908). Devine apoi regizor la „Biografh”, realizând 450 de filme online e. La acest lucru contribuie şi echipa de profesionişti cum sunt acriţele Mary Pickford, Surorile Gish, Mabel Noemand, Mae Marsh, precum şi regizori ca Mark Sennet şi Erich von Stroheim, iar ca operator, renumitul epocii, Billy Bitzer. După anul 1913, pleacă de la „Biograph” la „Reliance-Majestic”, apoi devine independent. Realizează astfel „Judith of Bethulia” (1914), controversatul „The Brith of a Nation”(Naşterea unei naţiuni) (1915) şi „Intolerance” (Intoleranţă) (1916), filme online e care-l fac cel mai mare producător american de filme online .

Vorbind despre filme online ele The Brith of a Nation (Naşterea unei naţiuni) şi Intolerance (Intoleranţă), acestea sunt strâns legate între ele privind realizarea şi prezentarea lor publicului.
Intoleranţă

Primul apare cu o reclamă care i-a făcut pe mulţi să-l acuze pe Griffith de rasism. Afişul filme online ului prezintă un personaj care este membru al Ku-Klux-Klan-ului, fapt ce a dus la proteste de stradă şi la cenzurarea filme online ului. Griffith nu este de acord cu poziţia oficială şi-n următorul an produce Intolerance ca un răspuns dur celor care au făcut atâta zgomot.

Griffith, împreună cu actorii Douglas Fairbank, Mary Pickford şi Charlie Chaplin, au fondat în anul 1920, compania „United Artist Corporation”, unde a realizat filme online ele mute Brochen Blossoms (Muguri zdrobiţi)-1919, Way Down East-1920, The Orphans of the Strom-1922, America-1924, Battle of Sexcs-1928 şi filme online ele sonore Lady of the Pavements-1929 (cântat), Abraham Lincoln-1930 şi The Struggle-1931.

2010-02-19T04:05:00.001-08:00

Acum poti asculta posturi de Radio online online foarte simplu, sigur si comod. In directorul nostru veti gasi Radio onlineuri online din toate categoriile si genurile de muzica din Romania, dar si din afara tarii: Radio onlineuri comerciale, Radio online de manele, dance, house, rock, hip-hop, oldies, clasica, blues, latino, jazz, orientala, simfonica si multe altele pe care cu siguranta le veti descoperi.
Daca aveti un post de Radio online personal sau cunoasteti unul care inca nu se gaseste pe site si doriti sa-l faceti cunoscut si sa fie promovat absolut gratuit nu trebuie decat sa faceti un click aici si sa completati formularul de adaugare a postului de Radio online online

फिब्रोप्तिचा

2010-01-05T03:48:00.000-08:00

SC Cebrex Trade SRL este o companie de constructii in telecomunicatii, in plina dezvoltare si cu experienta in domeniul Telecom, oferind solutii complete pentru retele de telecomunicatii cu fibra optica.

Avand in vedere dinamica pietii, in care tehnologiile se succed cu o viteza mai mare decat in orice alt domeniu, ne-am adaptat cerintelor astfel incat, in acest moment putem construi o gama variata de retele de telecomunicatii si asigura servicii de mentenanta pentru retele de fibra optica noi sau existente.

Compania construieste atat lucrari "la cheie" cat si activitati independente, in functie de solicitarile si necesitatile beneficiarilor sai, beneficiind de instrumente si dispozitive pentru instalarea cablului cu fibre optice, aerian, in/si pe cladiri, prepararea si sudura cablului cu fibre optice (jonctionare FO), cat si un personal cu experienta in domeniu oferind cel mai bun raport profesionalism / pret fibra optica.

hi5 profiles myspace detector hi5 facebook

2009-07-10T12:40:00.000-07:00

this days i've created an new website named hi5
in this website i'm using some php code to find out my friends hi 5 and myspace profiles

Replacement Shower Filters: Make your skin and hair look healthy

2009-05-26T02:25:00.009-07:00

Man is one of the most beautiful and intelligent creatures in this world. Man needs air, water and food for survival. In fact water is the second most important thing that man needs to survive on this planet. The importance of âhealthy waterâ to our body can be understood from the fact that our body [...]

Pure water a reason for Healthy skin

2009-05-26T02:25:00.008-07:00

For all those people who are skin conscious and often get baffled after seeing acnes and pimples popping out of their faces, there is good news for them. Now you can know the reason for your unhealthy looking skin. A recent research has shown that chlorine present in water causes acne, pimples and various kinds [...]

Shower Filters: Enliven your moods

2009-05-26T02:25:00.007-07:00

You always wanted fun in your life. You wanted to relish each and every moments of life. But the quality of your skin and hair is preventing you from having fun in the open. The reason behind this problem is chlorinated water. Now the big question is why chlorinated water when it is considered safe [...]

Aquasana Drinking Water System

2009-05-26T02:25:00.006-07:00

There are array of drinking water filters available in the market but it is only aquasana drinking water system which head the list. Water filters certainly enhance the water quality and taste by eliminating bad odor and contaminants. Your personal lifestyle and preferences usually guide you to choose the best water filter suiting your needs [...]

Water Filters: Jog your life

2009-05-26T02:25:00.005-07:00

Water, water everywhere, but not a single drop of pure water to drink! This could be the scene after 25 years. Use and misuse of water is happening everywhere. The worldâs huge population of six billion people is using about 54% of all accessible fresh water contained in rivers, lakes and underground aquifers. By 2025, [...]

Enjoy pure spring water

2009-05-26T02:25:00.004-07:00

In the universe, water is the best solvent and it can dissolve anything to some degree even iron, gold and other substance. This colorless and tasteless liquid is playing great role in our existence on this planet and life is impossible without it as it is essential ingredient for all beings. But now, this beautiful [...]

Water filter: Set yourself free from impure water

2009-05-26T02:25:00.003-07:00

The healthy living and wellbeing of everybody depends upon the availability of a safe and clean drinking water supply. But to be precise, people are not getting pure water supply; even in the US, where water quality is considered well in comparison with other countries, has a scary water supply in some portions. Over 80 [...]

Reasons to Use a Shower Filter

2009-05-26T02:25:00.002-07:00

Shower Filters provide great protection against chemicals and harsh elements that come through the examining lines in a structure. Chlorine, which is present in the water, is harmful to skin and hair. In practical, all municipal water carries chlorine and has been subjected to processes that supposedly make it fir for use. Apart from controlling [...]

The Truth about Bottled Water

2009-05-26T02:25:00.001-07:00

No doubt, water is essential for our bodyâs system and survival. Because of the recent awareness about the clean and pure drinking water, people all over the world seek to gain the certified health benefits of drinking adequate amounts of water. Though, many people rely upon tap water to fulfill their daily quota of [...]

Water filters: A good health drink provider

2009-05-26T02:25:00.000-07:00

Drinking pure water is better than all things for healthy living, but simply using water which may contain contaminants and chemicals is not perfect for protecting your family from the dangers of water diseases. And, we also need to realize the fact that water pollution will remain persistent everywhere as long as human activities [...]

The Truth about Bottled Water

2009-05-25T23:49:00.009-07:00

Water Filters: Jog your life

2009-05-25T23:49:00.008-07:00

Shower Filters: Enliven your moods

2009-05-25T23:49:00.007-07:00

Enjoy pure spring water

2009-05-25T23:49:00.006-07:00

Water filter: Set yourself free from impure water

2009-05-25T23:49:00.005-07:00

Aquasana Drinking Water System

2009-05-25T23:49:00.004-07:00

Reasons to Use a Shower Filter

2009-05-25T23:49:00.003-07:00

Replacement Shower Filters: Make your skin and hair look healthy

2009-05-25T23:49:00.002-07:00

Pure water a reason for Healthy skin

2009-05-25T23:49:00.001-07:00

Water filters: A good health drink provider

2009-05-25T23:49:00.000-07:00

Replacement Shower Filters: Make your skin and hair look healthy

2009-05-25T23:42:00.009-07:00

Aquasana Drinking Water System

2009-05-25T23:42:00.008-07:00

Water Filters: Jog your life

2009-05-25T23:42:00.007-07:00

Shower Filters: Enliven your moods

2009-05-25T23:42:00.006-07:00

Enjoy pure spring water

2009-05-25T23:42:00.005-07:00

Water filter: Set yourself free from impure water

2009-05-25T23:42:00.004-07:00

Reasons to Use a Shower Filter

2009-05-25T23:42:00.003-07:00

The Truth about Bottled Water

2009-05-25T23:42:00.002-07:00

Pure water a reason for Healthy skin

2009-05-25T23:42:00.001-07:00

Water filters: A good health drink provider

2009-05-25T23:42:00.000-07:00

Ultracarb

2009-05-22T12:32:00.000-07:00

Ultracarb

Features

Fits industry standard 10 inch filter housings

Four filtration stages within a single cartridge

Filtration efficiency of >99.99% at 0.9 µm absolute (0.5 µm ANSI standard)

Filtration efficiency of >99.9% at 0.5 - 0.8 micron

Highly efficient bacteriological filtration

Tested with live Cryptosporidium to a removal of >99.9999%

Tested with live bacteria to a removal of >99.99%

Ideal RO and UV pre-filtration and final polish filtration

High levels of chlorine and VOC removal

Lead and other heavy metal reduction

Ultracarb Cartridges

Doulton Ultracarb is a four stage cartridge combining the highly efficient filtration properties of ceramic with the enhanced water treatment properties of activated carbon and the heavy metal reduction capabilities of ion exchange media.
First Stage The first stage consists of Doulton ultracarb ceramic which provides genuine sub micron filtration. The cartridge reduces fine particulate matter, bacteria, cysts and turbidity.
Second stage The incorporation of silver locked within the ceramic structure gives enhanced bacteriostatic and self sterilizing properties.
Third Stage An inner core of activated carbon block removes chlorine and organic compounds.
Fourth Stage Ion exchange resin reduces lead and other heavy metals

Cysts - Beaver Fever, Cryptosporidium Oocysts, Giardia Test Performance

2009-05-22T12:31:00.002-07:00

Cysts - Beaver Fever, Cryptosporidium Oocysts, Giardia Test Performance

Applicable to : DOULTON DRINKING WATER SYSTEM WITH Ultracarb and Sterasyl elements, both, slimline and imperial series ceramics.

Other Doulton system tests

Final Report
Date: June 15, 1993

The University of ARIZONA
Administration Office, 202 Building 90
Tucson, Arizona 85721
Telephone: (602) 621-235S
FAX: (602) 621-6366

To: David Webb - Doulton Water Filters

From:
Charles R. Sterling
Mike Yozwiak
Marilyn M. Marshall

Testing for Removal of Doulton Single Filter Housing with Ultracarb Candle for Removal of Cryptosporidium Oocysts.

Procedure:

The 8 1/2” Ultracarb ceramic candle was inserted into the single filter unit housing as instructed. The unit was then connected to a 5 gallon pressure vessel. An initial pressure test was conducted by closing the terminal outlet, filling tile pressure tank with 10 liters of dH2O and pressurizing the system with 30 PSI of nitrogen gas. After checking for leaks, the 10 liters were allowed to flow through the filter. After depressurizing the system, the pressure vessel was filled with 10 liters of dH20 and seeded with 10(8) formalized oocysts (10(7)/L). The water was stirred to ensure a homogenous distribution of oocysts. The system was again pressurized to 30 PSI and the water allowed to flow through the filter. Two liters were allowed to pass through the filter. Liter #2 was saved for processing. The outlet at the terminal end was shut off leaving the system under pressure. After 16 hours, liters 3-5 were passed through the filter saving liter #5 for processing. After leaving the system under pressure for 8 more hours, liters 6-10 were passed through with liter #9 collected.

Each one liter sample was filtered through a lum pore size Nucleopore polycarbonate membrane filter. The sample flask was washed with dH2O + 0.1% Tween 80 (washing solution) to remove any residual material. The rinse was also filtered. Each filter was carefully removed and placed in a 50 ml conical tube (tube A). The filter was washed and vortexed 3 times. After each wash the contents were placed into another 50 ml conical tube (tube B). The volume in tube B (45-50 ml) was concentrated by centrifugation (3000 rpm in a Sorvall T-6000B centrifuge for 10 minutes). The liquid portion was aspirated down to 1 ml, then mixed to resuspend the pellet. This pellet is a 1:1000 consentration of the original liter and represents a theoretical oocyst count (assuming no oocysts were trapped by the filter) of 10(10) oocysts/ml. Samples of the suspension were then placed in a hemacytometer and counts were made in triplicate at 400X mag. giving a particle concentration in oocysts per ml. This figure was then multiplied by the final volume of the suspension to give the total number of oocysts recovered. This number was divided by the seeded concentration value times 100 to calculate the percentage or oocyst removal.

Water quality challenge conditions:

Tap water
NTU = 0.2
pH = 7.8
TDS = 630mg/L
T0C = 3.4mg/L

Table 1:	Removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts
Sample	# Oocysts Recovered	Percentage Removal
1) Liter #2	none	100%
2) Liter #5	none	100%
3) Liter #9	none	100%

No oocysts were found in any of the samples tested (100% removal). This represents a greater than 6 log reduction of oocysts.
Liter #2 did contained a fairly large amount of black and white particulate matter, enough to produce a solid black pellet (pellet mass was approximately 5mm x l.5mm) when the liter was concentrated. The amount or particulate matter decreased only slightly in liter #5 and was a little less evident in liter #9.

Discussion:

This filter unit performed very well and far exceeded the EPA recommended 3 log reduction (99.9% removal) or parasitic cysts.
The black and white particulate matter round in each sample was carbon and ceramic which had been washed from the filter. This occurred even after the candle had been flushed with 10 liters of water prior to the start or the testing phase. It would be recommended therefore that more water flushing (more than 19 liters) be done on new units to remove this loose particulate matter prior to use. There were no detectible external leaks.

Point of Use (POU) - Home Water Filters

2009-05-22T12:31:00.001-07:00

Point of Use (POU) - Home Water Filters

Tap water that's healthful and great-tasting is rare commodity these days. It's not just the matter of taste, sediment or odor. What you can't see, smell or taste can also affect the quality of your lifestyle. Quality drinking water is something you can't simply take for granted.

With it's exclusive all 100% natural multi stage purification technology, Doulton turns tap or any water for that matter into safe, wholesome, great tasting healthful drinking water the way it was meant to be. Pure and refreshing-glass after thirst-quenching glass.

Doulton drinking water systems are compact and elegant yet, sturdy and powerful. They are the choice of many kitchen designers and remodeling professionals worldwide as well discerning "do-it-yourself" kitchen decorators who are mindful of healthy lifestyle.

For homes supplied with municipally treated water any of residential single housing water purifiers will be more than sufficient to provide you with highest quality drinking and cooking water. Choice of Supercarb or Ultracarb candle.

For homes on private well water supply with no objectionable water odours the same rule apply as to municipally treated water. If your water is soft and the plumbing have lead solder joints (in United States home build prior 1986) choose Ultracarb candle. If you are not sure what type of water is in your area contact your local authority for advice. Generally worldwide over 90% well water is hard.

Water hardness table as classified by the U.S. Department of Interior. Other regions may use different classification methods.

Classification	mg/l or ppm	grains/gal
Soft	0 - 17.1	0 - 1
Slightly hard	7.1 - 60	1 - 3.5
Moderately hard	60 - 120	3.5 - 7.0
Hard	120 - 180	7.0 - 10.5
Very Hard	180 & over	10.5 & over

For homes on private well water supply with objectionable odours such as hydrogen sulfites (rotten egg smell) choose the dual housing water filter model IP200pB-S. To treat the whole house against these objectionable odors choose one of our whole house iron and sulfur water filtration systems and single housing Doulton water model IP100SC for your drinking and cooking water.

Private wells surrounded by extensive agricultural use should have their water tested for excessive level of nitrates. In this case a dual housing system model IP200UC+ should be used with nitrates reduction element as a second cartridge.

NOTE: Heavy agricultural use of pesticides and herbicides that eventually end up either on the surface waters and or underground aquifers are removed and or reduced by the carbon inserts of the ceramic candles.

Private wells polluted with high level of arsenic use dual housing systems model IP200UC+ with arsenic reduction element as a second cartridge.

For heavily polluted waters (total chemical and biological cocktail) use one of our IP200 and IP300 series customized to your needs or reverse osmosis systems all fitted with genuine Doulton Imperial Sterasyl ceramic cartridge as a biological barrier.

For brackish/salty well water with less than 2000 TDS (total dissolved solids) use our "platinum" reverse osmosis system fitted with Doulton Imperial Sterasyl cartridge as a biological barrier.

WHY CHOOSE A CERAMIC WATER FILTER?

2009-05-22T12:25:00.000-07:00

If you are looking for Royal Doulton fine china, please visit www.royaldoulton.com. To read about History of Doulton ceramic water filters>

Doulton® and British Berkefeld® drinking water filters have been so successful globally because they have a variety of advantages over other products in the market:

Highly effective barrier to particles and pathogens: Doulton® and British Berkefeld® drinking water filters have a pore structure which has an Absolute filtration rating (defined as >99.99%) of 0.9 microns (less than 1000 th of a millimeter). Therefore, the ceramic is capable of removing sub micron particles and pathogenic bacteria from drinking water.
A recent study by a leading UK University showed that use of British Berkefeld® drinking water filters in a community in Zimbabwe slashed cases of potentially fatal diarrhoea (a common problem in Africa caused by pathogenic bacteria and cysts in the water supply) to virtually zero. Our water filters have been proven to work in the most demanding conditions. This is why they are used by the major aid organizations.
Long life: As confirmed by the user instructions supplied with the product, Doulton® and British Berkefeld® ceramic drinking water filters may be cleaned in order to prolong the life of the product. In this way, the filter can be re-used rather than replaced, giving it a much longer life-span than many other products on the market. On average, a Doulton® or British Berkefeld® filter candle will remain effective for up to 6 months (depending on usage and water quality) before it will need to be replaced.
Self-sterilizing: Ceramics contain trace elements of silver. Silver inhibits microbiological growth, meaning that there is no need to sterilize Doulton® or British Berkefeld® filter candles, even when they are used over an extended period.
Natural: Ceramics are made from 100% natural elements. They do not add anything to the water they filter. This contributes to ceramics ability to pass the stringent NSF® testing procedures. Many other filter products add traces of chemicals to the water they filter.
Long-term value: The extended life-span and effectiveness of Doulton® and British Berkefeld® drinking water filters make them a low-cost investment in the long term.
Combinations with other filter media possible: Other filter media can be put inside Doulton® and British Berkefeld® ceramic drinking water candles to make them even more versatile. For example, activated carbon can be incorporated to remove chlorine, or an ion exchange resin to remove heavy metals such as lead.
Minerals maintained: Using a Doulton® or British Berkefeld® ceramic drinking water filter does not remove those minerals from the water, which are beneficial to health.
No power required: Doulton® and British Berkefeld® ceramic drinking water filters are some of the most versatile water treatment devices available today. They do not require electricity to function, which means that they are not vulnerable to interruption of power supplies, and can be used where there are no power supplies. They can be used literally anywhere in the world from an office block to a refugee camp.

Doulton Water Filter Ceramic Candle & Cartridge Technologies,

2009-05-22T12:24:00.001-07:00

Doulton Water Filter Ceramic Candle & Cartridge Technologies,
Doulton mines only the finest and purest kieselguhr or diatom earth often described as a silica-like sediment resulting from kiesel algae (one celled algae) deposited on the bottom of geological lakes and lagoons millions of years ago. This is the same material used in making the finest bone china (like of Royal Doulton) and numerous other applications.

The filter elements are produced using the latest ceramic techniques to provide a hollow porous ceramic which is fired at a temperature in excess of 1000°C. The chemically inert ceramic filter can be stored for eternity without losing its effectiveness.

Doulton ceramic filter particles from the water but leaves oxygen and mineral contents unchanged, which gives water it's spring-like freshness and taste (not "pure" but wholesome). Pathogens of the most varied diseases which are reliably filtered from the water include; cholera, typhus, cryptosporidium, amoebic dysentery, ecoli, colibacillose or bilharzia, anthrax spores among others.

Ceramic filtration technology is often called "dead-end filtration” and "depth filtration".

There are several mechanisms by which the ceramic element filters out particles as a dead-end filtration.

a) Direct interception or sieving (fig. 1): Particle of 0.5 µm and larger "runs into" a pore that is smaller than the particle of topmost layer of the ceramic and are captured as with absolute pore rated synthetic dead-end membranes.

b) Bridging (fig. 2): Smaller than 0.5 µm particles may be too small to be intercepted however two particles hitting the obstruction at the same time will form a bridge across the pore adhering to each other. Bridged particles may not plug the pore creating even smaller pore gradually forming a "filter cake". This "cake" creates a finer filtration for subsequent interception at the cost of decreased flow rate and eventually no flow rate.

Mechanical regeneration of the filter "cake" is simple. The topmost blocked layer can be removed with stiff brush or nylon scouring pad. This can be repeated many times before the filter has to be changed.

c) Inertial impaction (fig. 3): Particles flowing through the filter hits none porous surface barrier it become captured while the water flows around the barrier. Inertial impaction is more prevalent with smaller particles in range of 0.1 to 0.4 µm size as these particles are easily affected by molecular bombardment.

Unlike with synthetic membranes, all of the above methods of capture are dependable under variable operating conditions e.g. pressure surging, pulsing etc. with Doulton ceramics.

Ceramic depth filtration will filter out considerably smaller particles than equivalent pore size membrane for the following reasons:

a) Particles intercepted within the ceramic depth are much smaller than the pores measured by porometry. This is because particle laden water has to navigate through intricate maze of labyrinths. The path through the filter twists and turns trough sharp angles due to complicated ceramic structure and so the particles that may have penetrated the topmost layer become trapped within the structure.

To appreciate the distance and how difficult a path the water has to follow, consider that the wall thickness of the ceramic is 1000-2000 times greater than the pore size of the ceramic filter and the pores are sharp and jagged rather than smooth and round.

b) Small particles can combine with other particles to form a cluster of particles large enough to become trapped as a group or individual in dead end cavities.

c) Weak Van der Waals forces (adsorption fig. 4) attract the small particles to the ceramic, causing them to be adsorbed onto the wall of the ceramic. Depth filtration is very dependable as pressure surges are not affecting adsorption because the pressure is stabilized (drops by 50%) on the surface of the ceramic. Doulton ceramic depth filtration captures particles as small as 0.05 µm with greater than 90% efficiency.

Given favourable conditions, the accumulated bacteria could proliferate and grow unless prevented by some means.

To prevent this Doulton elements (except the Standard, Ceracarb and Ceramet) are manufactured with a small amount (about 0.07%) of pure silver (Ag) through-out the porous ceramic shell. Silver is a recognized bactericide, so when the bacteria comes into contact with the silver impregnated ceramic, their growth is inhibited. This self-sterilizing effect is known as the bacteriostatic effect.

Silver, a nature's water purifier (I.E. click refresh button to see silver animation)

Free silver ions (Ag+) have a toxic effect on micro-organisms even in relatively low concentrations. They have a highly fungicidal, bactericidal and algaecidel effect. Medical studies describe silver ions a catalyst that disable the enzymes that microorganisms depend on to "breathe".

In the presence of air (oxygen in water), metallic silver forms silver oxide, which also has a bactericidal effect due to its adequate solubility. The destruction of viruses, bacteria, moulds, spores and fungi through contact with silver objects is termed the oligodynamic effect. To primitive life forms, oligodynamic silver is as toxic as the most powerful chemical disinfectants. This, coupled with its relative harmlessness to animate life (i.e. mammals), gives oligodynamic silver great potential as a disinfectant.

The best and most environmentally-friendly silver based disinfectants are capable of rendering stored water potable for long period of time as in space stations.

The silver leach rate from the Doulton ceramic is very low and always well below the national recommended limits or equivalent to having a meal using silver cutlery.

Do Doulton ceramic filter removes viruses?

Due to their tiny size viruses theoretically cannot be removed with a 0.2 micron or higher rated absolute filter (or any mechanical filter for that matter). If virus is a concern simply add a commercially available disinfectant such as silver (e.g. Katadyn's Micropur®) or iodine tablets. Doulton Supersterasyl candle will remove the unpleasant taste and odours of the iodine.

Physically viruses have electrical surface charge that attaches them to other larger particles (free ride). The tight pore-structure of any absolute sub-micron water filter (e.g. Doulton, Katadyn etc.) can remove "free ride" viruses however due to many variables no device should be relied upon viral control.

Activated carbon as another natural adsorber

Doulton uses high quality carbon blends obtained from different raw materials such as lignite, bituminous coal and coconut shells. Active carbon is used for water treatment due to its adsorbing effect with respect to organic and health endangering chemicals.

Activated carbon surfaces are both hydrophobic and oleophilic; that is, they “hate” water but “love” oil. When flow conditions are suitable, dissolved chemicals in water flowing through the carbon media “stick” to the carbon surface in a thin film while the water passes on. This process is call adsorption.

Substances affecting taste and odours such as chlorine, pesticides (lindane, DDT) and trihalogenmethanes (THM's) are removed by activated carbon. These substances are adsorbed on the large surface area of the active carbon. For visual purpose, one teaspoon of activated carbon have a surface area the size of a football field.

Active carbon is available in granulate (GAC filters), powder (PAC filters) or extruded solid carbon block form (CB filters).

Doulton Ceramic Candles and Cartridge Grades

Sterasyl membrane: (candle and cartridge form): Used for microbiological removal. The only ceramic element in the world to meet the stringent NSF antimony and arsenic extraction test featuring:

>99.99% E.coli removal
Tested with live Cryptosporidium cyst to 100% removal far exceeding EPA three log cyst reduction requirements
100% efficiency at 0.9 µm absolute (0.5 µm absolute ANSI standard)
> 98% efficiency at 0.2 µm
> 90% efficiency at 0.05 µm
<>

Typical application: UV, RO and ozone pre-filter, point-of-use (POU) final polish filter, zero cyst tolerance in bottling water plants using our industrial multi cartridge filters and various other application requiring absolute filtration. Least expensive absolute filter on the market as it is cleanable and reusable for up 60 times. Backwash capable, self-sterilized, no bacteria grow through as encountered in most all synthetic membranes.

Available in candle and open both ends (DOE) cartridge style.

Supersterasyl candle: Used in British Berkefeld gravity filters is a Sterasyl shell packed with granular activated carbon. Available in 2"x7", 2.75"x7" and 2"x10" candle style with long threaded end cap. Custom size and end caps configuration available with minimum kiln firing requirements of 2400 units for all grades of elements.

Carbosyl elements: Sterasyl shell lined with fine activated carbon coating impregnated throughout the ceramic pore structure then re-fired in excess of 1000°C. Soon to introduce our inline filter fitted with Carbosyl candle as a replacement for the RO GAC final polish filter to control heterotrophic plate count (HPC)* bacteria commonly found in virtually all inexpensive RO systems. Available in 2" slimline and 2.75"x9.75" Imperial cartridge in case quantity by special order. 25 pcs. slimline and 9 pcs. per case Imperial size.

Reduces HPC to meet TUV and Alpha Institute requirements. Test results of Carbosyl vs. RO GAC post filter>>
Meets stringent European Union (EEC) stagnation requirements

Supercarb ceramic elements: Used in all residential pressure filters is a Sterasyl shell with solid carbon block insert. Economical three stage filtration available in candle and cartridge style.

Ultracarb ceramic elements: Used in all pressure filters is a Supercarb with ATS ion exchange medium incorporated into the carbon block for heavy metal reduction. Economical four stage filtration available in candle and cartridge style.

Supercarb-Ultracarb comparison table

Conclusion: Doulton ceramic filters are designed to convert raw water into high quality drinking water that will comply with the most stringent potable water standards all 100% naturally.

* Heterotrophic (HPC) is a harmless bacteria commonly found in all waters. In absence of disinfectants this bacteria colonize the reverse osmosis holding tank. As the bacteria die it creates foul odor therefore all RO's have GAC final filter to remove the odor out of the water. It should be clearly understood that no GAC filter remove any bacteria.

Ceramic water filter

2009-05-22T12:23:00.001-07:00

Method of action

As with most filtration methods, water is introduced to one side of the filter, which acts to block the passage of anything larger than a water molecule. Only water and smaller contaminants will pass through to the other "clean" side of the filter. Additionally many ceramic water filters (CWF) are treated with colloidal silver to further incapacitate bacteria and prevent the growth of mold and algae in the body of the filter. The two most common types of CWF are pot type and candle type filters. CWF systems consist of a porous ceramic filter that sits on top of a plastic or ceramic receptacle. Contaminated water is poured in the filter and passes through the filter into the receptacle below. The receptacle usually is fitted with a tap. Contaminants which are larger than the minute holes of the ceramic structure will remain in the top half of the unit, which can be cleaned by brushing the inside of the top section with a soft brush and rinsing it out. Hot water and soap can also be used. Some ceramic filters (like ceramic candle filters) also use active carbon which absorbs compounds such as chlorine. Filters with active carbon need to be replaced periodically because the carbon becomes clogged with foreign material.

There are also portable ceramic filters, such as the MSR Miniworks, which work via manual pumping, and in-line ceramic filters, which filters drinking water that comes through household plumbing. Cleaning these filters is the same as with the clay pot filter but also allows for reverse-flow cleaning, wherein clean water is forced through the filter backwards, pushing any contaminants out of the ceramic pores.

This filtration type does not remove chemical contaminants. The major risks to the success of all forms of ceramic filtration are hairline cracks and cross-contamination. If the unit is dropped or otherwise abused, the brittle nature of ceramic materials can allow fine, hard to see cracks, and can allow larger contaminants through the filter. Also, if the "clean" water side of the ceramic membrane is brought into contact with dirty water, hands, cleaning cloths, etc, then the filtration will be ineffective. If such contact occurs, the clean side of the filter should be thoroughly sterilized before reuse.

Homemade water filters

2009-05-22T12:22:00.002-07:00

Homemade water filters

A homemade waterfilter for making drinking water

Water filters can be made on-site using local materials such as grass, charcoal (e.g. from burned firewood), and sand. These filters have been used by soldiers and outdoor enthusiasts.^[2] Due to their low cost they can be made and used by anyone, including the poor, who often do not have access to safe drinking water. Regrettably such filters do little if anything to mitigate against pathogens and other harmful constituents and can give a false sense of security that the water so produced is potable.

Portable water filters

2009-05-22T12:22:00.001-07:00

Portable water filters

Water filters are used by hikers, by aid organizations during humanitarian emergencies, and by the military. These filters are usually small, portable and light (1-2 pounds/0.5-1.0 kg or less), and usually filter water by working a mechanical hand pump, although some use a siphon drip system to force water through while others are built into water bottles. Dirty water is pumped via a screen-filtered flexible silicon tube through a specialized filter, ending up in a container. These filters work to remove bacteria, protozoa and microbial cysts that can cause disease. Filters may have fine meshes that must be replaced or cleaned, and ceramic water filters must have their outside abraded when they have become clogged with impurities.

These water filters should not be confused with devices or tablets that are water purifiers, some of which remove or kill viruses such as hepatitis A and rotavirus.

Water treatment plant filters

2009-05-22T12:21:00.003-07:00

Water treatment plant filters

Types of water filters include media filters, screen filters, disk filters, slow sand filter beds, rapid sand filters and cloth filters.[1]

water filter

2009-05-22T12:21:00.001-07:00

A water filter removes impurities from water by means of a fine physical barrier, a chemical process or a biological process. Filters cleanse water to various extents for irrigation, drinking water, aquariums, and swimming pools.

How a biosand filter works - Animation Style!

2009-05-22T09:38:00.000-07:00

Home water filter

2009-05-22T09:35:00.000-07:00

What You Should Know about Water

2009-05-22T09:32:00.000-07:00

Water is an incredibly important aspect of our daily lives. Every day we drink water, cook with water, bathe in water, and participate in many other activities involving water.

However, even with all of the importance water holds in our lives, many of us know very little about the water we use each day. We drink tap water, enjoying the convenience and cost-effectiveness of this practice, yet, we fail to recognize the serious threat this water may pose to our health. Those who are willing to forgo the convenience of tap water and indulge in bottled water often know very little about the contents of that water and simply trust that bottled water must be better than tap water. Even conscientious consumers, who wisely attempt to treat their own water in an effort to ensure the healthfulness of that water, often know little about the many home water treatment options now available.

In this age of information, with so many resources immediately available, there is no reason why anyone should remain so ill informed about water. It is the goal of this site to offer comprehensive yet accessible information about the water with which we live and work every day, including a brief summary of water treatment alternatives, an exposé on the truth about bottled water, and a fact listing about drinking water and water filtration products. Read, learn, and enjoy!